zanchi



A. ZANCHI.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.31. 1916.

1,319,827. Patented Oct. 28,1919.

, #9; J IMIIIIWIMWII ATTILIO ZANCHI, OF SAN i an sear ENT carton.

PIE'ERO-SEVESO, ITALY.

LOOK.

tory reed is provided adapted to beat up the weft, this oscillatory reed receiving an accelerated movement when engaging with the shed. The object of the invention however is that the teeth of the open reed are yieldingly connected together near their free ends and are rounded off backwardly from the point at which they first engage with the shed. Near to thepoint where the' open rec'd first enters the shed, is arranged a bar which extends across the whole width of the shed, and has a limited oscillatory movement, adapted shortly before the reed enters the shed, to raise the shed slightly and to spread the; warps out flat so as to insure a correctand uniform engagement thereof by the reed.

In the accompanying drawing is illustrated a constructional example of the invention, the drawing being partly diagrammatic.

Figure 1 is a vertical section,partly in elevation of a portion of a loom.

Figs. 2 and 3 show details to a larger' scale.

Fig. 4; shows also to a larger scale, an ele vation of the device for reciprocating the closed reed.

In the loom illustrated the closed reed 2 (guide reed) mounted upon the stationary beam 1 is adapted to be reclprocated longitudinally within determined limits by means of mechanismhereinafter described. The open reed (beating reed), provided with two rows of teeth 3, 3 is keyed upon a shaft 4 carried at its ends in supports 5, these latter being adapted to swing within determined limits upon a shaft 6. The swinging movement is imparted to the supports 5 by two pitmen 7 (only one being shown in the drawings) operated from the crank shaft 8.- The latter also drives the shaft 9 on which is keyed a bevel wheel 10 gearing with a bevel wheel 11. The latter Application filed March 31,

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Oct. 28, 1919,

' 1916. Serial m. 88,158.

is mounted upon a shaft 12, carried in sup ports 13 and 14', and having keyed upon its other end a bevel wheel 15 gearin with a bevel wheel 16 keyed on the shah 6 and gearing with a bevel wheel 17. The latter is mounted at the lower end of a shaft 18 disposed at the side of one of the supports 5 and carrying at its upper end a worm wheel 19 gearing with a worm 20 mounted upon the shaft 4 so as to effect the turning of the open reed 3, 3'. The ratio of reduction between the driving crank shaft and the open reed is such that during each revolntion of the crank shaft 8 the open reed makes a half revolution so that the reed teeth 3 and 3 alternately operate to beat up successive wefts. Each row of teeth 3 and 3 passes through the coils of two spiral springs 21 and 22 (Figs. 2 and 3) extending across the whole length of the teeth rows by means of which they are held at uniform distances apart. The teeth are held in the reed base and soldered or otherwise secured tothe springs 21, while they are held \'ieldingly in the springs 22 so that ifa thick place occurs in the shed 24, 25, the teeth engaging with this can spread outwith the spring coils as shown in Fig. 3. At the front and back faces of the teethrows, half round rods 26 are inserted into the spiral springs in order to hold the teeth in correct alinement. The free ends of the teeth are backwardly rounded off (Fig. 2) from the point at which they enter the shed so as to insure an easy passage of the teeth into the shed and when the teeth pass out of the shed the latter is rapidly released from the teeth.

Under the shed 24, 25 and extending over the whole width thereof there is mounted in front of the beam 1 a bar 27-wl1ich makes a partial turning movement to and fro. This bar is connected to one end of a link 28 (Fig. 1). The other end of the link is connected to a member 30 pivoted at 29 to the loom frame. The member. 30 is connected by a pitman 31 to an arm 33- pivoted 'at 32, and carrying a roller 34 run- 40 secured to the reed 2. A ratchet lever eccentric 39 on which the movement of the reed 2 depends this mechanism can of course be put out of operation when required.

The lever 44 acts as a pawl checking the turning of the star wheel 38 and the ratchet wheel 37 periodically.

When the loom described is in operation the pitmen 7 and thus also the supports 5 are oscillated bythe crank shaft and at the same time the open reed 3, 3 is rotated by means of the members 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17,

19,20 in order to beat up the wefts in the fabric. When a row of teeth is approaching the shed 24, 25, the supports 5 are swung toward the left, that is to say in a direction opposed to the turning of the bevel wheel 16 so that the bevel wheel 17 will be turned more rapidly thereon and thus impart an accelerated turning movement to the reed 3, 3. In this manner the weft is effectively beaten into the fabric.

The row of teeth approaching the shed only enters the latter a short distance behind the weft to be beaten up; in this manner the shed fibers are saved from needless wear. In consequence of the flexibility of the free ends of the reed teeth they can easily pass over any irregularities (knots and so forth) in the shed fibers, so that breakages due to this cause are avoided. As two rows of teeth are provided on the open reed the socalled slay separation in the fabric is considerably reduced; in order to increase thisefi'ect the rows of teeth are preferably so arranged that the teeth of one row are between the teethof the other row. The reciprocating movement of the closed reed 2 also assists in attainin this end as the warps are always so disp awd that the teeth of the open reed will come successively between different groups of warps. Shertly before a row of teeth enters the shed, the arm 33 is raised b the cam 35 and the bar 27 is turned into the position shown in Fig. 2, by the link mechanlsm 31, 30, 28, in which position it raises the shed thus spreading the warps, and distributln them unlformly throughout the width of t e shed. In this manner the correct and uniform entry of the rows of teeth 3, 3' into the shed is insured while at the same time any slay separation is avoided. In consequence of the uniform distribution of the shed easy separation thereof is attained on the rapid upward movement of the warps. The opening in the shed may in this case be smaller than vusual as the shuttle moves on a stationary beam; the warps are therefore stretched'to a less extent and are not subjected to as much tension. 1

The loom described possesses theadvantage that the number of divisions of the closed reed as well as the number of teeth of the open reed can be considerably reduced, thus naturally also reducing the friction on the shed; this permits of more easy and rapid working of the loom and consequently greater efliciency with less consumption of power. This is also due to the fact that the beam with the closed reedis no longer reciprocated which is a considerable savlng in power. The fabric produced on such a loom is so to speak, faultless and so compact that a subsequent tightening by means of a special tightening machine is I an accelerated movement. for-beating up the weft and that it is not new to give a sidewise movement for the closed reed or to the shed in order to avoid shed separation and to employ reeds with wire coils as spacing means, I do not claim such devices such devices being n'ot sufliciently adapted for working fine fabrics in a perfect manner, but what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a loom for making fabrics of silk, cotton and other fine materials, the combination of a rotary shaft, means for supporting the same, for turning it, and for imparting a lateral reciprocating movement thereto, a member fixed on said shaft, a row of teeth supported in the said member with means for spacing them apart, a bar ex tendin across the loom adjacent to and behind t e point at which the said teeth engage with the warp threads which 'form the shed, and means for turning the said bar at intervals in order to raise the warp threads which form the shed and to spread out the threads thereof before the teeth of the rotary'member engage with the said threads.

2. In a loom for making fabrics of silk, cotton and other fine materials, the combination of a rotary shaft, means for supporting the same, for turning it, and for impartlng a lateral reciprocating. movement vthereto, a member fixed on sa1d shaft, a plurality'of rows of teeth carried in said member, flexible means for spacing apart the teeth of the said rows, means for lifting at intervals the warp threads which form the shed behind the point at which the teeth of the beating u member engage therewith, and means for living the shaft at such a I speed that the sets of teeth will come successively to the operative position 'for heating up the successive wefts.

'3. In a loom for making fabrics of silk, cotton and other fine materials, the, combination of a revoluble toothed member for beating up the weft, and mechanism for oscillating and for turning said toothed member, a stationary beam, a reed frame 10 adapted to slide laterally in said stationary beam, and means for imparting at intervals .movement-s first in one direction and then in ATTILIO ZANCHI. Witnesses;

CRIz ZENNEY, L. R. ARROYO. 

